You can see in the Gobuster results that we got a couple different responses from our target and it’s important to understand the difference between them:ĢXX - This class of status codes indicates the action requested by the client was received, understood and accepted.ģXX - This class of status code indicates the client must take additional action to complete the request.ĤXX - This class of status code is intended for situations in which the error seems to have been caused by the client. Let’s take a quick pause to look at HTTP status codes. I used Gobuster for this write-up but had to install it first. It seems to perform well enough so it’s included here and you can make your own decision whether you like it or not. Written in golang and meant to address the failings of both dirbuster and dirb.ĭirsearch - I came across this one while reading another write-up for this challenge. Some people think it’s slower than dirbuster while others say dirb gives them more consistent results. Can run multi-threaded and has a (not great) GUI interface.ĭirb - operates similarly to dirbuster but is CLI only. See below for a brief breakdown of the more popular ones but understand they they all do the same thing - automate the time consuming task of finding various directories on a website.ĭirbuster - commonly used in a lot of hacking challenge videos/write-ups though it’s popularity seems to be fading in favor of Gobuster. The tasks in the challenge room want you to use Gobuster to enumerate the target website directories, which is fine, but just be aware that there are other tools that do similar types of directory scanning. Since our scan shows an Apache server is running and this is a beginner hacking challenge it’s usually a good idea to start there first.Įnumeration dirbuster vs dirb vs gobuster vs dirsearch Finally, insane mode assumes that you are on an extraordinarily fast network or are willing to sacrifice some accuracy for speed. Aggressive mode speeds scans up by making the assumption that you are on a reasonably fast and reliable network. Normal mode is the default and so -T3 does nothing. Polite mode slows down the scan to use less bandwidth and target machine resources. The template names are paranoid (0), sneaky (1), polite (2), normal (3), aggressive (4), and insane (5). You can specify them with the -T option and their number (0–5) or their name. Fortunately, Nmap offers a simpler approach, with six timing templates. Moreover, choosing the appropriate values can sometimes take more time than the scan you are trying to optimize. T: While the fine-grained timing controls discussed in the previous section are powerful and effective, some people find them confusing. The other thing to be sensitive to while scanning in a production environment is the scan intensity, or frequency. To specify a range of ports you use the “ -p” flag followed by the port numbers: The second scan to check all 65535 ports (run it in the background while you poke around with whatever the first scan found) The first scan to find any low-hanging fruit If you do not specify the port range you run the risk of missing some open services so it’s good to run two scans: As with most programs, you can prefix the filenames with a directory path, such as ~/nmaplogs/foocorp/ on Unix or c:\hacking\sco on Windows. oA (output to all formats): As a convenience, you may specify -oA to store scan results in normal, XML, and grepable formats at once. When possible, Nmap also gets the Common Platform Enumeration (CPE) representation of this information. ISC BIND, Apache httpd, Solaris telnetd), the version number, hostname, device type (e.g. FTP, SSH, Telnet, HTTP), the application name (e.g. Nmap tries to determine the service protocol (e.g. The nmap-service-probes database contains probes for querying various services and match expressions to recognize and parse responses. sV (version detection): After TCP and/or UDP ports are discovered using one of the other scan methods, version detection interrogates those ports to determine more about what is actually running. Some of the scripts in this category are considered intrusive and should not be run against a target network without permission. sC (script scan): Performs a script scan using the default set of scripts. Why? The default behaviour of Nmap is to only scan the top 1000 most popular ports unless you tell it otherwise. Run a quick scan first to find things to enumerate.īy “quick” we don’t mean fast, we’ll talk about that in a second, but rather running our scan without any ports specified.
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